XOM

What it measures Valuation expressed against the cash actually available to all capital providers. Often more honest than EV/EBITDA when capex is meaningful relative to D&A.

Formula EV/FCF = (market_cap + total_debt - cash) / free_cash_flow_ttm

For XOM Expensive on cash generation - growth or quality must justify the premium.

What it measures Adjusts the numerator for debt and cash so heavily-levered or cash-rich companies are comparable. Particularly useful for cross-industry valuation work.

Formula EV/Sales = (market_cap + total_debt - cash) / revenue_ttm

For XOM Premium revenue multiple even after netting cash - usually high gross-margin businesses.

What it measures How many dollars of book equity each share represents. Useful for asset-heavy businesses (banks, industrials) where book value approximates liquidation floor; less informative for asset-light franchises whose value is in intangibles.

Formula P/B = market_cap / common_equity

For XOM Market values the franchise far above its book equity - common for branded consumer or software businesses.

What it measures Useful when earnings are negative or noisy (early-stage companies, restructurings). Works best within an industry because gross margin profiles vary wildly.

Formula P/S = market_cap / revenue_ttm

For XOM Market is paying up for revenue - implicitly betting on margin expansion or revenue growth.

What it measures Productivity of the asset base. Combined with net margin, this is the DuPont decomposition of ROA: ROA = net_margin * asset_turnover.

Formula Asset Turnover = revenue_ttm / average_total_assets

For XOM Revenue compounds quickly off the asset base - retail and asset-light services run high here.

What it measures Sanity-check on earnings quality. Persistently below 1 means working capital or capex is consuming earnings; persistently above 1 is unusual and may flag accounting conservatism or non-cash drags.

Formula Cash Conversion = free_cash_flow_ttm / net_income_ttm

For XOM Earnings quality is good - real cash arriving in step with reported income.

What it measures FCF the business throws off relative to what you pay for the equity. Treats the equity as a perpetual claim on cash. Cyclicals can swing below zero in a downturn.

Formula FCF Yield = (free_cash_flow_ttm / market_cap) * 100

For XOM Strong cash income relative to price - attractive when growth doesn't have to do all the work.

What it measures Pre-capex version of cash conversion. Numbers persistently below 1 suggest accruals are doing the work; numbers persistently above 1 are a (mild) positive sign.

Formula OCF/NI = operating_cash_flow_ttm / net_income_ttm

For XOM Operating cash flow validates net income.

What it measures How much the company funds itself with debt vs. equity. Higher leverage amplifies both returns and risks; the appropriate level varies wildly by industry.

Formula Debt-to-Equity = total_debt / common_equity

For XOM Capital structure is debt-heavy - amplifies equity returns but also stress in downturns.

What it measures Strips out short-term operating debt and revolver use to focus on permanent capital structure. Useful when comparing companies that fund working capital differently.

Formula LT D/E = long_term_debt / common_equity

For XOM Permanent leverage is high - watch coverage ratios and refinancing windows.

What it measures Direct income from holding the share. Stable dividend yield often signals capital discipline; abnormally high yield can be a warning that the dividend isn't covered by FCF and may be cut.

Formula Dividend Yield = (dividends_per_share_ttm / price) * 100

For XOM Real income today - sustainability depends on payout ratio and free cash flow coverage.

What it measures Joseph Piotroski's score for distinguishing winners from losers among low-P/B stocks. Each of 9 questions answers 0 or 1; the more 'yes' answers, the higher quality the recent year-over-year improvements.

Formula Sum of 9 binary indicators across profitability (ROA>0, CFO>0, ROA improving, CFO>NI), leverage (LT debt/assets falling, current ratio rising, no share issuance), and operating efficiency (gross margin rising, asset turnover rising)

For XOM Clean fundamentals scorecard - profitability, leverage, and efficiency all moving the right way.

What it detects Buys oversold pullbacks within an established uptrend (price above the 200-day SMA). Holds while RSI(2) is below an exit threshold; exits when RSI(2) crosses above 60.

Trigger rule +1 when price is above regime_ma and RSI(2) drops below oversold; held while inside the trade; back to 0 when RSI(2) crosses above exit.

Parameters period=2, oversold=10, exit=60, regime_ma=200

For XOM Active pullback-buy in an established uptrend — price bouncing off a 2-period oversold reading.

What it detects ADX (Average Directional Index) measures trend strength regardless of direction. Below ~20 historically associates with sideways/choppy markets unfavorable to trend strategies.

Trigger rule +1 while ADX is below the threshold (weak trend); 0 otherwise.

Parameters period=14, weak_threshold=20

For XOM ADX below threshold — trend is weak, prefer mean-reversion to trend strategies right now.

What it detects The Parabolic SAR plots a stop-and-reverse dot above or below price; when price crosses the SAR, the trend side flips. The signal fires on the flip bar.

Trigger rule +1 on flip from above-price (bearish) to below-price (bullish); -1 on flip the other way.

Parameters accel=0.02, max_accel=0.2

For XOM SAR flipped from above to below price — switch to long bias.

What it detects Simplest possible regime filter: long-only when price is above its long-term MA, flat or short-only when below. Often used to gate other signals.

Trigger rule +1 while close > MA, -1 while close < MA.

Parameters ma_period=200

For XOM Price above the long-term MA — bullish regime, gate longs on.

What it detects Open and close are nearly equal (tiny body, under ~5% of range) with comparable upper and lower wicks. Marks indecision; meaningful when it appears at trend extremes or after extended runs.

Trigger rule +1 on doji (the bar marks the indecision candle regardless of direction).

Parameters body_max=0.05, wick_balance=0.3

For XOM Indecision candle after a downtrend — buyers and sellers in balance, watch for follow-through.

What it detects While price is above its 200-day MA (uptrend regime), buy when today's close is the lowest in 7 sessions; exit when today's close is the highest in 7 sessions.

Trigger rule +1 on entry day (new 7-day low above regime); held until exit on new 7-day high; back to 0 on exit.

Parameters lookback=7, regime_ma=200

For XOM Active Connors Double-7 pullback in an uptrend — buy the 7-day low, sell the 7-day high.

What it detects Identifies the most recent significant swing high and low, projects standard Fibonacci levels (23.6%, 38.2%, 50%, 61.8%, 78.6%), and tags bars where price interacts with one of those levels.

Trigger rule Reports the level price is closest to, in price units, when price is within the proximity band.

Parameters swing_lookback=60, levels=[0.236,0.382,0.5,0.618,0.786]

For XOM Price interacted with a key Fibonacci level on its way up — likely springboard or resistance to clear.

What it detects Bearish head-and-shoulders: left shoulder, higher head, right shoulder of comparable height to left, broken by a close below the neckline. Inverse pattern (three troughs) is bullish.

Trigger rule +1 at neckline break of inverse-H&S; -1 at neckline break of standard H&S.

Parameters shoulder_tol=0.03, head_prom=0.02

For XOM Inverse H&S confirmed — three-trough bottoming pattern that broke its neckline up.

What it detects A pin bar has a small real body (under ~30% of the bar's range) and a long wick (over ~60%) on one side, sticking out beyond the prior trend. Bullish pin: long lower wick after a downtrend. Bearish pin: long upper wick after an uptrend.

Trigger rule +1 for bullish pin (long lower wick, body near top, after downtrend); -1 for bearish pin.

Parameters body_max=0.3, wick_min=0.6, prior_trend=5

For XOM Long lower wick rejected the prior downswing — buyers stepped in at the low.

What it detects Two consecutive non-overlapping windows where the second window's high is above the first's high AND the second's low is below the first's low (an outside range). Reads as a reversal signal off the prior trend.

Trigger rule +1 if prior trend was down and current outside-range closes higher than it opens; -1 in the symmetric down-reversal case.

Parameters window=10

For XOM Outside-range bar after a downtrend closed up — reversal-up reversal pattern.

What it detects Trends backed by declining volume tend to lose conviction. The signal compares the slope of price against the slope of volume over a rolling window.

Trigger rule +1 when price is rising but volume slope is negative (weak rally); -1 when price is falling but volume slope is negative (weak decline / potential reversal).

Parameters trend_window=20

For XOM Decline running on falling volume — sellers losing conviction, reversal candidate.

What it detects OBV cumulates signed volume - rising OBV reflects accumulation, falling OBV distribution. Same pivot-pair rule as RSI/MACD divergence: when price makes a new low but OBV doesn't, big-money has stopped selling.

Trigger rule +1 at right-hand pivot of (price lower-low, OBV higher-low); -1 at right-hand pivot of (price higher-high, OBV lower-high).

Parameters pivot_window=5, lookback=60

For XOM Accumulation strengthening even as price breaks lower — smart money may be early to a turn.